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A Th2-type immune response and low-grade systemic inflammatory reaction as potential immunotoxic effects in intensive agriculture farmers exposed to pesticides

Artículos Científicos

Pesticides are chemicals widely used in agriculture to keep crops healthy and prevent them from being destroyed by pests, thus contributing to a sustainable food and feed production. However, long-term exposure to these compounds may be harmful to human health as they can affect the function of various organs systems, including the immune system. There…

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of HIV prevention interventions for socioeconomically disadvantaged ethnic minority women in OECD member countries

Artículos Científicos

Background Recently there have been many encouraging developments in the global effort to combat HIV and AIDS. The latest data collected by UNAIDS on the status of the disease showed a 33% reduction in new HIV cases since 2001 and a decrease of 700,000 deaths annually since the peak in 2005. 1 Within the 34…

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A step towards harmonising human biomonitoring study setup on European level: Materials provided and lessons learnt in HBM4EU

Artículos Científicos, Igualdad, Investigación, Mujeres EASP

Internal exposure of the human body to potentially harmful chemical substances can be assessed by Human Biomonitoring (HBM). HBM can be used to generate conclusive data that may provide an overview of exposure levels in entire or specific population groups. This knowledge can promote the understanding of potential risks of the substances of interest or help monitoring…

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A Semiautomated Classification System for Producing Service Directories in Social and Health Care (DESDE-AND): Maturity Assessment Study

Artículos Científicos

Background: DESDE-LTC (Description and Evaluation of Services and DirectoriEs for Long-Term Care) is an international classification system that allows standardized coding and comparisons between different territories and care sectors, such as health and social care, in defined geographic areas. We adapted DESDE-LTC into a computer tool (DESDE-AND) for compiling a directory of care services in…

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A review of exposure assessment methods for epidemiological studies of health effects related to industrially contaminated sites

Artículos Científicos

BACKGROUND: this paper is based upon work from COST Action ICSHNet. Health risks related to living close to industrially contaminated sites (ICSs) are a public concern. Toxicology-based risk assessment of single contaminants is the main approach to assess health risks, but epidemiological studies which investigate the relationships between exposure and health directly in the affected…

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A regional multicomponent intervention for mechanical restraint reduction in acute psychiatric wards

Artículos Científicos

4.1 Introduction Mechanical restraint (MR) is used in many countries, including Spain, where non‐harmonized policies between autonomous communities exist. There is a lack of research about interventions at regional levels to reduce their use. 4.2 Aim To analyse data on key outcomes during the implementation of a multicomponent intervention in Andalusia (Spain) to reduce the…

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A Prospective Evaluation of Plasma Polyphenol Levels and Colon Cancer Risk

Artículos Científicos

Polyphenols have been shown to exert biological activity in experimental models of colon cancer; however, human data linking specific polyphenols to colon cancer is limited. We assessed the relationship between pre‐diagnostic plasma polyphenols and colon cancer risk in a case–control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Using high pressure…

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A prospective evaluation of plasma phospholipid fatty acids and breast cancer risk in the EPIC study

Artículos Científicos

Background Intakes of specific fatty acids have been postulated to impact breast cancer risk but epidemiological data based on dietary questionnaires remain conflicting. Materials and methods We assessed the association between plasma phospholipid fatty acids and breast cancer risk in a case–control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Sixty…

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A prospective diet-wide association study for risk of colorectal cancer in EPIC

Artículos Científicos, Igualdad, Investigación, Mujeres EASP

BACKGROUND & AIMS Evidence regarding the association of dietary exposures with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is not consistent with a few exceptions. Therefore, we conducted a diet-wide association study (DWAS) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) to evaluate the associations between several dietary exposures with CRC risk. METHODS The association of…

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A Procedure for Deriving Formulas to Convert Transition Rates to Probabilities for Multi-State Markov Models

Artículos Científicos

For health-economic analyses that use multi-state Markov models, it is often necessary to convert from transition rates to transition probabilities, and for probabilistic sensitivity analysis and other purposes it is useful to have explicit algebraic formulas for these conversions, to avoid having to resort to numerical methods. However, if there are four or more states…