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Background and Objective: Nutrimetabolomics may reveal novel insights into early metabolic alterations and the role of dietary exposures on prostate cancer (PCa) risk. We aimed to prospectively investigate the associations between plasma metabolite concentrations and PCa risk, including clinically relevant tumor subtypes. Methods: We used a targeted and large-scale metabolomics approach to analyze plasma samples…
Introduction Observational studies have shown that more educated people are at lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, robust study designs are needed to investigate the likelihood that such a relationship is causal. This study used genetic instruments for education to estimate the effect of education on T2D using the Mendelian randomisation (MR)…
Objective People’s beliefs about cancer can affect the actions they take to prevent and detect the disease. We investigated socio-economic inequalities in beliefs about cancer and its causes in the general population. Methods We analyzed data from the representative probabilistic Spanish Oncobarometer survey (N = 4769, 2020) and the non-probabilistic weight-corrected Spanish Cancer Awareness Survey (N = 1029, 2022).…
Literature indicates a potential association between dairy consumption and risk of Parkinson´s disease (PD), especially among men, yet the results remain inconclusive. We investigated this association in a large prospective European cohort. Dietary and non-dietary data was collected from 183,225 participants of the EPIC-for-Neurodegenerative-Diseases (EPIC4ND) cohort, a sub-cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer…
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the world’s major public health problems. It is characterized by a major inflammatory response, where vitamin D, due to its role in regulating the immune system, and genetic variants involved in its metabolism may play an essential role. The aim of this study is to evaluate…
Background Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) represents a global public health problem. Epidemiological studies about CMM trends tend to focus on single indicators or lack information about tumour characteristics that can help gain a more thorough understanding of CMM epidemiology. Objectives To fill this gap, we studied CMM trends in incidence, mortality and survival over three…
Background Alterations in gut microbiota are observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Previous studies on microbiota-derived metabolites in PD were small-scale and post-diagnosis, raising concerns about reverse causality. Objectives Our goal was to prospectively investigate the association between plasma microbial metabolites and PD risk within a metabolomics framework. Methods A nested case–control study within the prospective…
Simple graphical displays such as icon arrays and tree diagrams have been proposed for communicating health risks and supporting informed decisions. The UK’s National Health Service (NHS) uses tree diagrams to communicate the chances of different cervical cancer screening results, but their effectiveness has not been compared to icon arrays. We conducted a well-powered longitudinal…
Experimental research has uncovered lipocalin 2 (LCN2) as a novel biomarker implicated in the modulation of intestinal inflammation, metabolic homeostasis, and colon carcinogenesis. However, evidence from human research has been scant. We, therefore, explored the association of pre-diagnostic circulating LCN2 concentrations with incident colorectal cancer (CRC) in a nested case–control study within the in the…
Context Experimental and observational studies suggest that circulating micronutrients, including vitamin D (VD), may increase COVID-19 risk and its associated outcomes. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies provide valuable insight into the causal relationship between an exposure and disease outcomes. Objectives The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of causal inference studies that apply MR…
