Día Mundial contra el Cáncer

Background Recent studies have documented sharp increases in the incidence of several types of cancer in young adults, highlighting the need to monitor and understand epidemiological trends in this population. The aim of this study was to analyze cancer incidence trends among young adults (20–49 years) in the province of Granada, Spain, from 1985 to…

Background Diets have become increasingly monotonous and high in ultra-processed foods (UPFs), contributing to poor health outcomes and environmental degradation. While sustainable diets, food biodiversity, and food processing levels have each been linked to nutritional and environmental outcomes, their combined impact has not been assessed. Objective To examine whether food biodiversity, intakes of UPFs, and…

Background The associations between different types of diabetes, characterized by distinct pathophysiology and genetic architecture, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) risk are not understood. Methods We investigated associations of genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D), 8 T2D mechanistic clusters, type 1 diabetes (T1D), and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) with PDAC risk. We…

Background: PSA is central to referrals for prostate biopsy but has low specificity for aggressive prostate cancer. This study evaluates the 4Kscore (OPKO Diagnostics) versus total PSA in predicting short- and long-term risks of aggressive prostate cancer. Methods: Baseline blood samples from 1,658 men diagnosed with prostate cancer (median diagnosis time = 8.6 years) and…

Background The aim of this study was to update previous EUROCARE survival estimates for skin melanoma (SM) monitoring trends and survival differences between European regions. Methods 1-year, 5-year, and 5-year/1-year conditional age-standardised relative survival (ASRS) and geographical comparisons were estimated on 280,498 patients participating in the EUROCARE-6 project (>=15 years old) with invasive SM (diagnosed…

Background The risk of breast cancer has been associated with various lifestyle factors, yet the evidence regarding how lifestyle modifications affect this risk remains limited. This study examines the relationship between changes in the Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC). Methods…

Background: Alcohol consumption has been described to exhibit a J-shaped relationship with dementia risk, but previous observations may be partly biased due to “sick-quitters” and competing risks of death. Objective: To examine the association between baseline and lifetime alcohol consumption and the risk of dementia and subtypes in a large Mediterranean cohort, accounting for lifetime…

Background Cancers of the breast, cervix, and ovary are a major public health problem worldwide. Evaluating the consistency with clinical guidelines for treatment by use of individual high-resolution data from population-based cancer registries is a powerful tool to help interpretation of global inequalities in cancer survival. The VENUSCANCER project aims to assess the worldwide variation…

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Early detection and personalised prevention strategies are crucial for reducing the burden of CVD. The use of biomarkers plays a pivotal role in identifying individuals at risk and facilitating timely interventions. This rapid scoping review aims to identify and evaluate current research on…

Background and aims Substantial differences have been reported in risk estimates for etiologic factors of pancreatic cancer among subjects with different degrees of diagnostic certainty. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of some personal and social characteristics on the diagnostic basis in individuals with pancreatic cancer. Methods We analyzed 393 participants…

Background Existing epidemiological evidence regarding the potential role of (poly)phenol intake in lymphoma development is limited. Methods We investigated the associations between the intake of total and individual classes and subclasses of (poly)phenols and the risk of lymphoma, including main frequent subtypes in the EPIC cohort using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. Results During a…

Objective:While associations of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with adverse health outcomes are accruing, its environmental and food biodiversity impacts remain underexplored. This study examines associations between UPF consumption and dietary greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe), land use and food biodiversity. Design:Prospective cohort study. Linear mixed models estimated associations between UPF intake (g/d and kcal/d) and GHGe…

Introduction: Poor-quality diets promote ischemic stroke. Red blood cell fatty acids (RBC-FAs) are objective, long-term biomarkers of diet. In a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain, we developed a blood-based lipidomic fat quality (LFQ) score considering pre-defined RBC-FA diet-related biomarkers, and examined whether LFQ score relates to the…

Background It is currently unknown whether plant-based dietary patterns influence disease progression to multimorbidity after an initial non-communicable disease, and whether the associated risk of multimorbidity varies with age. This study aimed to investigate associations of plant-based diets with the risk of multimorbidity, defined as the co-occurrence of at least two chronic diseases in an…

Dietary diversity is vital for public health nutrition, yet the co-benefits of increasing dietary species richness (DSR) on human and environmental health remain unassessed. Here we explore associations between DSR and greenhouse gas emissions, land use, nutrient adequacy and mortality rates among European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study participants. Total DSR was positively…

Background Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (free triiodothyronine [fT3] and free thyroxine [fT4]) may influence cancer outcomes, but evidence for ovarian cancer is limited. Methods We conducted a nested case–control study comparing 578 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cases with matched controls within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). To examine associations…

Background Globally, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake rates have declined within a wider context of vaccine hesitancy. Gender-neutral vaccine programmes are increasing and recommended for the prevention of cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers affecting both women and men. To address the problem of suboptimal HPV uptake rates for boys and men, we aimed to understand…

Background/Objectives: We examined the association between dietary intake and blood concentrations of one-carbon metabolism (OCM)-related nutrients in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: Blood concentrations and dietary intake of the vitamins riboflavin (B2), Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP and B6), folate (B9), B12, and methionine, concentrations of homocysteine, and dietary intake of betaine,…

Background Colon cancer is strongly influenced by lifestyle factors. Sociodemographic factors like sex and socioeconomic position (SEP) might modulate the relationship between lifestyle and colon cancer risk. Metabolomics offers potential to uncover biological mechanisms linking lifestyle and colon cancer. Methods Lifestyle and untargeted metabolomic data were available from a nested case–control study within the European…

Background There is increasing evidence that diets characterized by food biodiversity could contribute to health outcomes. Greater dietary species diversity has been linked to reduced gastrointestinal cancer risk and all-cause mortality. However, mechanistic pathways supporting the association between food biodiversity and health are just beginning to be explored. Aim To characterize the metabolic profile associated…