A Procedure for Deriving Formulas to Convert Transition Rates to Probabilities for Multi-State Markov Models

For health-economic analyses that use multi-state Markov models, it is often necessary to convert from transition rates to transition probabilities, and for probabilistic sensitivity analysis and other purposes it is useful to have explicit algebraic formulas for these conversions, to avoid having to resort to numerical methods. However, if there are four or more states…

Demographic, lifestyle, and other factors in relation to antimüllerian hormone levels in mostly late premenopausal women

Objective To identify reproductive, lifestyle, hormonal, and other correlates of circulating antimüllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations in mostly late premenopausal women. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Not applicable. Patient(s) A total of 671 premenopausal women not known to have cancer. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Concentrations of AMH were measured in a single laboratory using the picoAMH…

Correlates of circulating ovarian cancer early detection markers and their contribution to discrimination of early detection models: results from the EPIC cohort

Background Ovarian cancer early detection markers CA125, CA15.3, HE4, and CA72.4 vary between healthy women, limiting their utility for screening. Methods We evaluated cross-sectional relationships between lifestyle and reproductive factors and these markers among controls (n = 1910) from a nested case-control study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Improvements in discrimination of…

Standardizing effect size from linear regression models with log-transformed variables for meta-analysis

Background Meta-analysis is very useful to summarize the effect of a treatment or a risk factor for a given disease. Often studies report results based on log-transformed variables in order to achieve the principal assumptions of a linear regression model. If this is the case for some, but not all studies, the effects need to…